Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of authoritarian parenting?

Encouraging independence is not a characteristic of authoritarian parenting. This parenting style is typically marked by high expectations for compliance, limited opportunities for open communication, and a strong emphasis on obedience from children. Authoritarian parents often prioritize obedience and discipline over fostering a child's autonomy or encouraging them to think independently.

In contrast, encouraging independence involves allowing children the freedom to make choices, express themselves, and develop their decision-making skills. This approach is more aligned with authoritative or permissive parenting styles, which prioritize nurturing a child's individuality and self-reliance. Therefore, recognizing that authoritarian parenting does not usually promote independence helps in distinguishing it from other parenting styles.