What is the first phase of a tonic-clonic seizure characterized by?

The first phase of a tonic-clonic seizure, often referred to as the tonic phase, is characterized by the stiffening of muscles, which can include flexing of the arms and legs. During this phase, the body becomes rigid, and the person typically loses consciousness. The initial stiffening occurs abruptly, and it can last for several seconds. This rigidity is often followed by the clonic phase, where rapid jerking movements occur.

Understanding this is crucial for recognizing seizure activity and providing appropriate care. The subsequent phases or types of seizures, such as absence seizures, are characterized by different symptoms, like brief loss of consciousness or a daydreaming appearance. These distinguishing features help in differentiating the types and sequences of seizures for proper diagnosis and management.