What is the expected condition of fontanels in an infant?

The expected condition of fontanels in an infant is flat and soft, which indicates that the infant is healthy and well-hydrated. Fontanels, the soft spots on a baby's skull, allow for growth of the brain and skull during the early months of life. A flat and soft feel is a reassuring sign that the intracranial pressure is normal and that the baby has adequate hydration status.

When the fontanels are bulging and firm, it may indicate increased intracranial pressure, which can be a sign of various health issues. Conversely, if the fontanels are sunken and tense, it can be a sign of dehydration. A flattened and closed fontanel may indicate that the infant is older and that the fontanels are closing, but it’s not the expected condition for a younger infant still within the normal range of development. Understanding these characteristics helps caregivers monitor an infant's growth and overall well-being effectively.