What is strabismus?

Strabismus is characterized by the deviation of one or both eyes, where the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. This condition can present in various forms, such as one eye turning in (esotropia) or outward (exotropia). Strabismus can lead to amblyopia, or "lazy eye," if not addressed, as the brain may begin to ignore the visual input from the misaligned eye to avoid double vision. Treatment options may include glasses, eye exercises, or surgery, depending on the severity of the misalignment and the underlying causes.

The other options do not accurately describe strabismus. The inability to focus relates more to refractive errors, increased eye pressure typically refers to glaucoma, and an eye infection involves inflammation or infection of the ocular tissues. Each of these conditions has its own distinct characteristics and implications, making the understanding of strabismus specifically important for pediatric nursing care.