For a child being treated with mannitol for cerebral edema, what adverse effect should the nurse monitor?

Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic commonly used to reduce cerebral edema by promoting osmotic diuresis, leading to increased urine output and the elimination of excess fluid from the body. One of the critical considerations when using mannitol is its effect on the patient's neurological status.

Monitoring for confusion in a child receiving mannitol is vital because changes in mental status can indicate alterations in cerebral osmotic pressure or dehydration due to excessive diuresis. Cerebral edema can lead to increased intracranial pressure, and as mannitol draws fluid out of the brain and into the vascular system, rapid changes in fluid balance may result in neurological effects such as confusion, disorientation, or altered consciousness. Identifying these changes early allows for timely intervention and adjustment of the treatment plan.

While other options may seem relevant, they do not have the same direct connection to the administration of mannitol and its intended effects.